Saturday Hashtag: #InstitutionalHousingCommodification - WhoWhatWhy Saturday Hashtag: #InstitutionalHousingCommodification - WhoWhatWhy

Institutional Housing Commodification
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Saturday Hashtag: #InstitutionalHousingCommodification

The Manufactured Housing Crisis: How Institutional Investors Are Robbing Americans of Homes

12/07/24

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To be clear, there is absolutely no housing shortage in America — at least not in the way you’ve been led to believe. 

What’s really going on is a classic case of monopolistic investor greed intensified by occasionally compliant legislators and financially-sponsored regulation. 

In 2023, outside investors accounted for nearly 29 percent of all home purchases, totalling $43 billion, with 69 percent of those purchases being single-family homes. The so-called “housing crisis” is less about supply and demand — and more about who sponsors the regulation, who does the construction, who controls the stockpile, and who profits from the constrained inventory.

Here’s how it works: Institutional investors are scooping up massive amounts of residential properties, purchasing nearly 20 percent of US homes, not to house people, but oftentimes to keep them vacant and artificially inflate prices

You think the market is tight? It’s not. The housing market is deliberately constricted, thanks to the very same entities that are buying up entire neighborhoods — entities like Blackstone, private equity firms, Saudi Arabia investment funds, and even Jared Kushner

These players are turning homes (built for families to live in) into institutional financial assets

They buy properties, often keeping them vacant, utilizing equity capital and private investment funds, or leveraging instruments (e.g., securitized mortgages, debt financing, corporate bonds), creating artificial scarcity that drives up both purchase and rental prices, ensuring their “investments” appreciate.

The more they own and the longer they keep them empty, the tighter the market gets, and the higher their asset values climb. 

But the real kicker? The investors who are hoarding housing stocks are often the same ones controlling the homebuilding industry. That’s right. The very same companies buying up existing homes are the ones managing the construction of new ones — or, more accurately, not constructing middle-class homes. 

Developers and investors like Blackstone, Brookfield, private equity, and various hedge funds essentially control both sides of this equation. They don’t need to own the entire industry — just enough to manipulate it for maximum profit.

They’re not interested in building middle-class homes, because there’s more money in keeping the market artificially tight, driving up demand, and inflating both rental and purchased home prices. This game is not about solving the housing problem; it’s about exploiting it. 

Even in its most benign form, institutional investing in housing extracts innate local value, accelerates wealth concentration, and undermines community stability

It prioritizes profits over people, favoring renting over ownership directly conflicting with the broader affordable housing tenants that are essential for a stable society. 

And let’s not ignore how this all ties into these actors’ influence over public policy. Local governments often perpetuate the crisis because they benefit from the property taxes generated by these operations. With billions on the line, profit-driven investors relentlessly lobby receptive legislators for restrictive zoning laws that impede or prevent the construction of affordable middle-class housing. This ensures that luxury developments are just a little bit easier to construct. Why build for the people when you can build for investors

In the rental construction market this group also strategically games the tax incentive system designed to support low-income housing development, essentially using public funds to build high-rent units. Instead of alleviating the crisis, these investors use public funds to maximize their own profits. 

This is the “housing crisis” we’re living in: a manufactured shortage created by the very entities that should be solving it. They hoard existing homes, restrict middle-class construction, and inflate purchase and rent prices — all while making billions off the backs of renters and potential homeowners. 

FYI: There are no comprehensive federal or state laws in the US (beyond standard SEC regulations) that specifically limit or regulate institutional investment in the residential housing market (i.e., real estate purchased by private equity firms, hedge funds, large corporations, or foreign investors).

Until we stop letting unrestricted institutional and foreign investment control the homebuilding industry, the housing supply, and the regulating legislation, this cycle of greed will continue. 

The American Dream isn’t out of reach because there aren’t enough homes or “woke DEI policies”; it’s out of reach because the system is rigged to keep people renting from large scale investors that control zoning legislation and own everything else — from the land to the dwellings to the construction companies, building the luxury investments that no actual people can afford to live in.

So, in this casino Monopoly game, you don’t pass Go, you don’t collect $200 — you don’t even go directly to jail (with three hots, a cot, and free health care). Instead, you just keep landing on Boardwalk with hotels, losing your paycheck, and going bankrupt.


Will Home Prices Drop? Expert Predictions for the 2024 and 2025 Housing Market

From Business Insider: “The 2024 homebuying season has been a tough one, leaving many hopeful buyers wondering if they’ll ever get an opportunity to purchase a home. While a housing market crash remains unlikely and home prices probably won’t drop anytime soon, it is starting to look like it will get easier to buy a home soon.” 

Economic, Housing and Mortgage Market Outlook

From Freddie Mac: “The housing market continues to be plagued by a shortage of housing units for rent and for sale. We estimate the national housing shortage is 3.7 million units as of Q3 2024.”

Investors Are Purchasing Fewer Homes, but They Still Account for Nearly 25% of Sales

The author writes, “The share of single-family homes sold to investors peaked at nearly 30% at the start of this year, but these types of transactions dropped significantly in the ensuing six months, according to a CoreLogic report released [in September].”

The Market Alone Can’t Fix the US Housing Crisis

From Harvard Business Review: “Any plan to overhaul the housing market needs to, first, confront the power of landlords to raise rents. Second, it requires rethinking public governance of housing markets behind simplistic prescriptions to just free the housing market from government regulation, assuming lower rents will follow. And third, it needs to provide more muscular government involvement in housing, through price regulation, more robust planning, and even direct public provision.”

GAO Releases Report on Institutional Investments in Single-Family Rental Housing

The author writes, “The Government Accountability Office (GAO) released a report, Rental Housing: Information on Institutional Investment in Single-Family Homes, on May 22. The report is based on a review of 74 studies about institutional investors in single-family rental housing. Institutional investors are companies with access to enough capital to enable them to own a large number of single-family rental homes. According to existing studies, no single investor owned more than 1,000 single-family homes prior to 2011; however, by 2015, institutional investors owned between 170,000 and 300,000 homes. By 2022, 32 institutional investors collectively owned 450,000 single-family homes, and according to GAO, the five largest investors owned nearly 300,000 homes.” 

Annual Foreign Investment in US Existing Homes Sales Decreased 21.2% to $42 Billion

The author writes, “International buyers purchased $42 billion worth of U.S. residential properties from April 2023 to March 2024, down 21.2% from the prior year. The 54,300 existing homes sold — the lowest since NAR began tracking in 2009 — slid 36% from the previous year.”

It’s the Land, Stupid: How the Homebuilder Cartel Drives High Housing Prices

The author writes, “Prices for housing are already at a record high, because of a pervasive long-term structural housing shortage in America. Since 2022, interest rates have increased, so homeowners with a locked in low mortgage rate don’t want to sell their homes and move, the result being fewer existing homes on the market. One would think that the response would simply be to build more housing, especially on the cheap end. And yet, that’s not happening. The traditional ‘starter home’ for a young family just doesn’t exist anymore.”

How the Cost of Housing Became So Crushing

From The New York Times: “Over the past year, frustration over the cost of housing in the United States has become a centerpiece of the presidential race, a focus of government policy and an agonizing nationwide problem. Conor Dougherty, who covers housing for The Times, explains why the origin of the housing crisis is what makes it so hard to solve.”

Every Building In America — An Analysis Of The Us Building Stock

From Construction Physics: “What does the US building stock look like, in aggregate? How many buildings are there in the country? How much space do they take up? What are they used for? Let’s take a look at the data and see what we find.”

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